1. Rauemi whakakoi
(1) Ko ngā maitai taputapu whakakī me ngā kāpia sima e whakamahia ana te parahi parakore, te parahi konutea me te hiriwa hei whakakī i ngā konganuku whakakī. He pai te mākū o te parahi parakore ki ngā momo kāpia sima katoa, engari ko te hua pai rawa atu ka taea te whiwhi mā te whakakī i roto i te hau whakaiti o te hauwai. I taua wā anō, nā te pāmahana teitei o te whakakī, he nui te ahotea i roto i te hononga, ka piki ake te auau o te pakaru. Ko te kaha kutikuti o te hononga kua whakakīia ki te parahi parakore he tata ki te 150MPa, ā, he teitei hoki te kirihou o te hononga, engari kāore e pai mō ngā mahi pāmahana teitei.
Ko te konganuku whakakī parahi konutea te konganuku whakakī e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te whakakī i ngā maitai taputapu me ngā warowaihā sima. Hei whakapai ake i te mākū o te tūhono me te kaha o te hononga, ka tāpirihia te Mn, Ni, Fe me ētahi atu huānga koranu ki te tūhono. Hei tauira, ka tāpirihia te w(MN) 4% ki te b-cu58znmn kia eke te kaha kutikuti o ngā hononga tūhono warowaihā sima ki te 300 ~ 320MPa i te pāmahana rūma; ka taea tonu te pupuri i te 220 ~ 240mpa i te 320 ℃. Mā te tāpiri i te iti o te CO i runga i te b-cu58znmn ka taea te eke te kaha kutikuti o te hononga tūhono ki te 350Mpa, ā, he kaha te pānga me te kaha ngenge, ka whakapai ake i te roa o te mahi o ngā taputapu tapahi me ngā taputapu keri toka.
He pai te iti o te ira rewa o te konganuku whakakī parahi hiriwa me te iti o te ahotea wera o te hononga whakakī hei whakaiti i te ngatata o te karawiti sima i te wā e whakakī ana. Hei whakapai ake i te mākū o te tūhono me te whakapai ake i te kaha me te pāmahana mahi o te hononga, ka tāpirihia te Mn, Ni me ētahi atu huānga koranu ki te tūhono. Hei tauira, he tino mākū te tūhono b-ag50cuzncdni ki te karawiti sima, ā, he pai ngā āhuatanga whānui o te hononga whakakī.
Haunga ngā momo konganuku whakakī whakakī e toru o runga ake nei, ka taea te whiriwhiri i ngā konganuku whakakī whakakī whakakī e ahu mai ana i te Mn me te Ni, pērā i te b-mn50nicucrco me te b-ni75crsib, mō te mahi karāti sima i runga ake i te 500 ℃ me te hiahia kia kaha te hononga. Mō te whakakī i te maitai tere-teitei, me whiriwhiri te konganuku whakakī whakakī motuhake me te pāmahana whakakī e ōrite ana ki te pāmahana tinei. E rua ngā wāhanga o tēnei konganuku whakakī: ko tētahi he konganuku whakakī momo ferromanganese, he mea hanga nui mai i te ferromanganese me te borax. Ko te kaha kutikuti o te hononga whakakī he tata ki te 100MPa, engari he ngāwari te hononga ki te pakaru; Ko tētahi atu momo koranu parahi motuhake kei roto ko te Ni, Fe, Mn me te Si he uaua ki te hanga pakaru i roto i ngā hononga whakakī, ā, ka taea te whakanui ake i tōna kaha kutikuti ki te 300mpa.
(2) Me ōrite te kōwhiringa o te rerenga whakakā me te rerenga whakakā hau ārai ki te konganuku turanga me te konganuku whakakī hei whakarewa. I te wā e whakakā ana i te maitai taputapu me te karāhe sima, ko te rerenga whakakā e whakamahia ana ko te borax me te waikawa boric, ā, ka tāpirihia ētahi fluoride (KF, NaF, CaF2, me ētahi atu). Ka whakamahia ngā rerenga Fb301, fb302 me te fb105 mō te tūhono parahi konutea, ā, ka whakamahia ngā rerenga fb101 ~ fb104 mō te tūhono parahi hiriwa. Ka whakamahia te rerenga Borax ina whakamahia te konganuku whakakī tūhono motuhake hei whakakā i te maitai tere-rahi.
Hei ārai i te waikura o te maitai taputapu i te wā e whakamahana ana, me te karo hoki i te horoinga i muri i te whakamahana, ka taea te whakamahi i te whakamahana hau-ārai. Ka taea te whakamahi i te hau tiaki hei hau kore mahi, hei hau whakaiti rānei, ā, me iti iho i te -40 ℃ te ira tomairangi o te hau. Ka taea te whakamahana i te karāhe sima i raro i te tiakitanga o te hauwai, ā, me iti iho i te -59 ℃ te ira tomairangi o te hauwai e hiahiatia ana.
2. Hangarau whakapūmau
Me horoi te maitai taputapu i mua i te whakawera, ā, kaua te mata mīhini e tino maeneene kia māmā ai te makuku me te horapa o ngā rauemi me te rere o te whakawera. Me whakakoi te mata o te karawiti sima ki te onepu i mua i te whakawera, me whakakanapa rānei ki te karawiti silicon, ki te wira huri taimana rānei hei tango i te waro nui rawa i runga i te mata, kia makuku ai i te konganuku whakakī whakawera i te wā e whakawera ana. He uaua ki te makuku te karawiti sima kei roto te karawiti titanium. Ka pania te whakapiri waikura parahi, te waikura nikara rānei ki runga i tōna mata i tētahi huarahi hou, ā, ka tunua ki roto i te hau whakaiti hei hanga i te whakawhiti parahi, nikara rānei ki te mata, kia nui ake ai te makuku o te tūhono kaha.
Ko te whakawera i te maitai taputapu waro me mahi i mua atu, i te wā kotahi rānei o te tukanga tinei. Mena ka mahia te whakawera i mua i te tukanga tinei, me teitei ake te pāmahana totoka o te konganuku whakakī i whakamahia i te awhe pāmahana tinei, kia mau tonu te kaha o te whakarewa ina whakamahanahia anō ki te pāmahana tinei me te kore e pakaru. Ina whakakotahihia te whakawera me te tinei, me whiriwhiri te konganuku whakakī me te pāmahana totoka e tata ana ki te pāmahana tinei.
He whānuitia ngā wāhanga o te maitai taputapu koranu. Me whakatau te whakarewa whakakī whakakī tika, te tukanga maimoatanga wera me te hangarau whakakotahi i te whakakī me te tukanga maimoatanga wera kia rite ki te momo maitai motuhake, kia pai ai te mahi honohono.
Ko te pāmahana tinei o te maitai tere-rahi he teitei ake i te pāmahana rewa o te parahi hiriwa me te parahi konutea, nō reira me tinei i mua i te whakawera, ā, me whakawera i te wā, i muri rānei i te whakawera tuarua. Mena e hiahiatia ana te tinei i muri i te whakawera, ko te konganuku whakakī whakawera motuhake kua whakahuatia ake nei ka taea te whakamahi mō te whakawera. I te wā e whakawera ana i ngā taputapu tapahi maitai tere-rahi, he tika te whakamahi i te oumu kōka. Ina rewa te konganuku whakakī whakawera, tangohia te taputapu tapahi ka pēhi tonu, ka puta te konganuku whakakī whakawera taikaha, kātahi ka tinei hinu, kātahi ka whakawera i te 550 ~ 570 ℃.
I te wā e whakakoi ana i te mata o te karawiti sima ki te pae taputapu maitai, me whakamahi i te tikanga o te whakanui ake i te āputa whakakoi me te whakamahi i te gasket utu kirihou i roto i te āputa whakakoi, me te whakamatao puhoi i muri i te whakarewa hei whakaiti i te ahotea whakakoi, hei ārai i ngā kapiti me te whakaroa i te roa o te ratonga o te huihuinga taputapu karawiti sima.
I muri i te whakarewa muka, me horoi te toenga rere i runga i te whakarewa ki te wai wera, ki te ranunga tango paru rānei, kātahi ka whakapūkara ki te wai whakapūkara e tika ana hei tango i te kiriata waikura i runga i te tokotoko taputapu turanga. Heoi, kia tūpato kei whakamahia te wai waikawa hauota hei ārai i te waikura o te konganuku hononga whakapūkara.
Wā tuku: Pipiri-13-2022